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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet

Phitymophora hypoglossum (J. Agardh) Womersley & Phillips in Phillips (2002a: 200, figs 12–14)

Phylum Rhodophyta – Family Delesseriaceae

Synonym

Lenormandia hypoglossum J. Agardh 1890: 66. De Toni 1903: 1114. Lucas 1909: 46. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 300. May 1965: 397.

Thallus (Fig. 26A) dark red, 10–25 cm high, with a main axis bearing from the prominent midrib on both sides linear lateral branches 1–5 cm long, with occasional shorter proliferations; blades 3–6 mm broad and (140–) 200–300 µm thick, corticated, margins entire, slightly undulating when dried, basally constricted to a short terete stipe, apically rounded (Fig. 26B). Holdfast discoid, 3–5 mm across. Structure. Apical cell segmenting to give an axial row with 2 lateral and 2 transverse pericentral cells, the lateral cells forming 2 second-order rows with the upper rows producing third-order rows (Fig. 26C, D) from some but not all cells, all rows reaching the thallus margin. Surface view of blades show two rows of larger rectangular cells alongside the axial row of the midrib (Fig. 26B) and small, irregular cortical cells over both the wings (Fig. 26G) and the midrib (Fig. 26D); sectional views of the margins show a row of large central cells with a cortex 1–2 cells thick (Fig. 26E, F), with the thicker midrib consisting of irregular large and small cells. Rhodoplasts discoid.

Reproduction: Only cystocarps known, on short proliferations arising from the midrib.

Type from Geographe Bay, W. Aust. (Irvine); lectotype in Herb. Agardh, LD, 42692, with isolectotypes; isolectotype in MEL, 657594; AD, A18278.


Distribution map based
on current data relating to
specimens held in the
State Herbarium of SA

Distribution: Also known from Hamelin Bay, W. Aust. (White, July 1898; Herb. Bastow, MEL, 657595, 657596).

Taxonomic notes: Determination of L. hypoglossum as a member of the Delesseriaceae and not a species of Lenormandia was first recognised by Louise Phillips of the Melbourne University Botany

School, who was monographing the genus Lenormandia. While reproductive material is little-known (cystocarpic only), it agrees in apical development, cortication, and branching from the midrib with Phitymophora, but is a distinctly more robust and less regularly proliferous species than P. amansioides.

References:

AGARDH, J.G. (1890). Till algernes systematik. Acta Univ. lund. 26(3), 1–125, Plates 1–3.

DE TONI, G.B. (1903). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 3. pp. 775–1521 + 1523–1525. (Padua.)

LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)

LUCAS, A.H.S. (1909). Revised list of the Fucoideae and Florideae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 34, 9–60.

MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S. W. Natl Herb. 3, 349–429.

The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID complete list of references.

Author: H. B. S. Womersley

Publication: Womersley, H.B.S. (24 February, 2003)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIID. Ceramiales – Delesseriaceae, Sarcomeniaceae, Rhodomelaceae
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID 2003, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.


Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 2003: FIG. 26.

Figure 26 image

Figure 26   enlarge

Fig. 26. Phitymophora hypoglossum (A, LD, 42692, lectotype; B, C, MEL, 657594, by L. Phillips; D–G, AD, A18278, isolectotype fragment). A. Habit. B. Blade, showing midrib and wing cells. C. Blade apex with corticated midrib and ecorticate second and third-order rows. D. Near apex of blade with first to third order cell rows. E. Transverse section of young blade. F. Transverse section of older blade. G. Surface pattern of cortication.


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