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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Family Rhodomelaceae – Tribe Laurencieae
Selected citations: De Toni 1903: 812; 1924: 378. Goff 1982: 302. Guiler 1952: 105. Lucas 1909: 39; 1929b: 50. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 250. May 1965: 385. Schmitz & Falkenberg 1897: 432, fig. 243C (nomen nudum). Setchell 1914: 16. Shepherd & Womersley 1981: 368. Womersley 1950: 187.
Synonym
Janczewskia australis? Falkenberg ex Reinbold 1899: 47 (nomen nudum). De Toni 1924: 379. Setchell 1914: 18.
Thallus (Fig. 201A) grey-white, 3–6 mm across, subspherical, with a basal parenchymatous cushion 1–3 mm thick and upper, simple or once-branched, terete branches 1–3 mm long, 600–1000 µm in diameter in sexual thalli and 300–450 µm in tetrasporangial thalli (Fig. 201D). Attachment by rhizoids from cells of the cushion (Fig. 201E), growing between host cells; parasitic on species of Laurencia (especially L. filiformis f. heteroclada). Structure. Branches with truncated and depressed apices, with axial filaments bearing trichoblasts and probably 2 pericentral cells, soon becoming obscure in older parts; cortical cells large, ovoid, epidermal cells compact, isodiametric and angular, 15–25 µm across in surface view, with secondary pit-connections. Cells uninucleate; rhodoplasts few, pale, discoid, chained in larger cells.
Reproduction: Gametophytes dioecious. Procarps not observed. Carposporophytes (Fig. 201B) with a prominent basal fusion cell and branched gonimoblast bearing clavate terminal carposporangia 20–30 µm in diameter. Cystocarps (Fig. 201B) lateral on erect branches, ovoid, sessile and broad-based, 700–800 µm in diameter; pericarp with a broad ostiole, corticated and 6–8 cells thick. Spermatangia borne on modified trichoblasts in apical depressions (Fig. 201C).
Tetrasporangia (Fig. 201F) situated in the outer cortex in parallel arrangement, cut off abaxially from near the ends of elongate pericentral cells (or outer cells), ovoid, 40–70 µm in diameter, tetrahedrally or decussately divided.
Type from Tasmania; in Herb. Falkenberg, Naples, Italy?
Selected specimens: Point Sinclair, S. Aust., on Laurencia filiformis, reef surface (Womersley, 26.i.1951; AD, A15231). Venus Bay, S. Aust., on L. elata, sublittoral fringe pools (Womersley, 12.ii.1954; AD, A19519). Elliston, S. Aust., on L. shepherdii, 1–2 m deep (Shepherd, 28.x.1972; AD, A42808). Horseshoe Bay, Port Elliot, S. Aust., on L. filiformis, upper sublittoral pools (Womersley, 1.xii.1967; AD, A32091-"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 136). Pennington Bay, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., on L. elata, sublittoral fringe (Womersley, 7.i.1948; AD, A6682) and on L. filiformis f. heteroclada, low eulittoral (Womersley, 23.viii.1950; AD, A13400). Cable Hut Reef, Penneshaw, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., on L. filiformis, 22 m deep (Lavers, 22.x.1996; AD, A66806). Robe, S. Aust., on L. filiformis, drift (Womersley, 21.ii.1985; AD, A56406). Cape Northumberland, S. Aust., on L. filiformis f. heteroclada, lower eulittoral depressions (Womersley, 1.xi.1993; AD, A63249-"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 136a). Bridgewater Bay, Vic., on L. botryoides, low eulittoral (Womersley, 3.ix.1981; AD, A55404).
Distribution: Point Sinclair, S. Aust., to Cape Bridgewater, Vic., and Tasmania.
Taxonomic notes: Janczewskia tasmanica is a common parasite on several species of Laurencia on SE Australian coasts. J. australis is certainly a synonym of J. tasmanica, both names involving nomina nuda when first mentioned.
References:
DE TONI, G.B. (1903). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 3. pp. 775–1521 + 1523–1525. (Padua.)
DE TONI, G.B. (1924). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 6. Florideae. (Padua.)
FALKENBERG, P. (1901). Die Rhodomelaceen des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-abschnitte. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel. Monogr. 26. (Friedländer: Berlin.)
GOFF, L.J. (1982). The biology of parasitic red algae. Progr. Phycol. Res. 1, 289–369.
GUILER, E.R. (1952). The marine algae of Tasmania. Checklist with localities. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 86, 71–106.
LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1909). Revised list of the Fucoideae and Florideae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 34, 9–60.
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929b). A census of the marine algae of South Australia. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 53, 45–53.
MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S. W. Natl Herb. 3, 349–429.
REINBOLD, T. (1899). Meeresalgen von Investigator Street (Süd Australien), gesammelt von Miss Nellie Davey (Waltham, Honiton). Hedwigia 38, 39–51.
SCHMITZ, F. & FALKENBERG, P. (1897). Rhodomelaceae. In Engler, A. & Prantl, K., Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien. T.1. Abt. 2, pp. 421–480. (Englemann: Leipzig.)
SETCHELL, W.A. (1914). Parasitic Florideae, I. Univ. Calif. Pubis Bot. 6(1), 1–34, Plates 1–6.
SHEPHERD, S.A. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1981). The algal and seagrass ecology of Waterloo Bay, South Australia. Aquat. Bot. 11, 305–371.
WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1950). The marine algae of Kangaroo Island. III. List of Species 1. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 73, 137–197.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (24 February, 2003)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIID. Ceramiales – Delesseriaceae, Sarcomeniaceae, Rhodomelaceae
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID 2003, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 2003: FIG. 201.
Figure 201 enlarge
Fig. 201. Janczewskia tasmanica (A, AD, A63249; B–F, AD, A32091). A. Habit, on Laurencia filiformis f. heteroclada. B. Section of cystocarp. C. Section with spermatangial depression. D. Tetrasporangial branches. E. Thallus attached to host. F. Apex of tetrasporangial branch.
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