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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet

Coeloclonium verticillatum (Harvey) J. Agardh 1876: 640.

Phylum Rhodophyta – Family Rhodomelaceae – Tribe Chondrieae

Selected citations: De Toni 1903: 824. Falkenberg 1901: 214. Guiler 1952: 104. Huisman 2000: 161. Huisman & Walker 1990: 433. Lucas 1909: 39; 1929a: 21; 1929b: 51. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 254, fig. 113. May 1965: 383. Reinbold 1897: 55; 1899: 48. Shepherd & Womersley 1981: 368. Silva et al. 1996: 487. Sonder 1880: 29. Tisdall 1898: 511. Wilson 1892: 170.

Synonym

Chondria verticillata Harvey 1855a: 539; 1859a: pl. 102; 1859b: 297; 1863, synop.: xix.

Thallus (Fig. 181A) medium to dark brown-red, 5–15 cm high, densely branched with axes and branches bearing whorls (usually not synchronous) or clusters of lesser branches as well as single branches; axes 1–2 mm in diameter with 0.5–1.5 cm between whorls, lesser branchlets elongate-clavate to linear, basally constricted but not segmented, 5–10 mm long and 1–2 (–3) mm in diameter, apices rounded to slightly depressed. Holdfast discoid or divided, clasping host; usually epiphytic on Amphibolis, Laurencia and other algae. Structure. Apical filament short, on broad, rounded or slightly depressed apices, apical cell hemispherical, 12–18 µm in diameter. Pericentral cells 5 (Fig. 181B, C), transversely elongate (Fig. 181D), becoming 40–90 µm in diameter and LID 4–6, with arms extending down along the axial cell and uniting with the lower pericentral cell, also producing further rhizoids. Pericentral cells branched tri- or quadrichotomously for 2–3 orders, with an outer cortex 1–2 cells thick, outer cells (20–) 30–40 µm in diameter and L/D 2–3 (–4), in longitudinal rows. Older branches becoming filled with rhizoids (Fig. 181C) between the pericentral and their derivative cells. Trichoblasts on apical filaments. Cells uninucleate; rhodoplasts discoid, chained in larger cells.

Reproduction: Procarps not observed. Carposporophytes with a basal filamentous cluster and branched gonimoblast with clavate terminal carposporangia 40–80 µm in diameter, borne on slender strands. Cystocarps (Fig. 181E) ovoid, sessile, 1.5–2 mm in diameter; pericarp with a broad ostiole, ecorticate, 2–3 cells thick. Spermatangial organs not observed.

Tetrasporangia (Fig. 181F) borne on the pericentral cells or their derivatives, one to few per whorl, 80–150 (–200) µm in diameter.

Type from Garden I., W. Aust.; lectotype (Clifton, W. Aust.) in Herb. Harvey, TCD. Trav. Set 273 from Garden I., was not located in TCD in 1952, so a Clifton specimen was selected as lectotype; a 273 from Port Fairy, Vic. is in TCD.

Selected specimens: Point Peron, W. Aust., drift (Royce 942, 22.ii.1951; AD, A14183). Point Sinclair, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 25.i.1951; AD, A13881). Walker Rock, Anxious Bay, S. Aust., 8–10 m deep (Edyvane, 1.x.1982; AD, A53374). Tiparra Reef, S. Aust., on Osmundaria, 5 m deep (Shepherd, 2.ix.1970; AD, A36912). Cape Spencer, S. Aust. (Davey; AD, A1241). Stenhouse Bay, S. Aust., on Amphibolis on jetty piles, 3–4 m deep (Cannon, 15.x.1988; AD, A59178). Marion Bay, S. Aust., drift (Kraft, 18.ix.1973; AD, A44535). Off Troubridge Light, S. Aust., 17 m deep (Shepherd, 4.ii.1969; AD, A33427). Robe, S. Aust., drift (Womersley, 30.x.1993; AD, A63216). Port MacDonnell, S. Aust., on Amphibolis, drift (Womersley, 20.viii.1984; AD, A55714) and drift (Womersley, 4.iv.1999; AD, A68089). Point Nepean, Port Phillip Heads, Vic., on Laurencia, 5–7 m deep (Borowitzka & Walker, 3.xii.1983; AD, A55424). Alonnah, Bruny I., Tas., on Laurencia, upper sublittoral (Wollaston & Mitchell, 28.ii.1964; AD, A27922).


Distribution map based
on current data relating to
specimens held in the
State Herbarium of SA

Distribution: Rottnest I., W. Aust., to Port Phillip Heads, Vic., and around Tasmania.

Taxonomic notes: Coeloclonium verticillatum is widely distributed around southern Australia but is apparently not a common species. The thallus is relatively robust, especially the lower axis.

References:

AGARDH, J.G. (1876). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 3, Part 1 - Epicrisis systematis Floridearum, pp. i-vii, 1–724. (Weigel: Leipzig.)

DE TONI, G.B. (1903). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 3. pp. 775–1521 + 1523–1525. (Padua.)

FALKENBERG, P. (1901). Die Rhodomelaceen des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-abschnitte. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel. Monogr. 26. (Friedländer: Berlin.)

GUILER, E.R. (1952). The marine algae of Tasmania. Checklist with localities. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 86, 71–106.

HARVEY, W.H. (1855a). Some account of the marine botany of the colony of Western Australia. Trans. R. Jr. Acad. 22, 525–566.

HARVEY, W.H. (1859a). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 2, Plates 61–120. (Reeve: London.)

HARVEY, W.H. (1859b). Algae. In Hooker, J.D., The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage. III. Flora Tasmaniae. Vol. II, pp. 282–343, Plates 185–196. (Reeve: London.)

HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)

HUISMAN, J.M. & WALKER, D.I. (1990). A catalogue of the marine plants of Rottnest Island, Western Australia, with notes on their distribution and biogeography. Kingia 1, 349–459.

HUISMAN, J.M. (2000). Marine Plants of Australia. (Univ. W. Aust. Press, Nedlands, W. Aust. & ABRS, Canberra, A.C.T.)

LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)

LUCAS, A.H.S. (1909). Revised list of the Fucoideae and Florideae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 34, 9–60.

LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929a). The marine algae of Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 1928, 6–27.

LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929b). A census of the marine algae of South Australia. Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust. 53, 45–53.

MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S. W. Natl Herb. 3, 349–429.

REINBOLD, T. (1897). Die Algen der Lacepede und Guichen Bay und deren náherer Umgebung (Slid Australien), gesammelt von Dr. A. Engelhart-Kingston. Nuova Notarisia 8, 41–62.

REINBOLD, T. (1899). Meeresalgen von Investigator Street (Süd Australien), gesammelt von Miss Nellie Davey (Waltham, Honiton). Hedwigia 38, 39–51.

SHEPHERD, S.A. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1981). The algal and seagrass ecology of Waterloo Bay, South Australia. Aquat. Bot. 11, 305–371.

SILVA, P.C., BASSON, P.W. & MOE, R.L. (1996). Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean. (Univ. California Press: Berkeley.)

SONDER, O.W. (1880). In Mueller, F., Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Supplementum ad volumen undecinum: Algae Australianae hactenus cognitae, pp. 1–42, 105–107. (Melbourne.)

TISDALL, H.T. (1898). The algae of Victoria. Rep. 7th Meet. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., Sydney, 1898, pp. 493–516.

WILSON, J.B. (1892). Catalogue of algae collected at or near Port Phillip Heads and Western Port. Proc. R. Soc. Viet. 4, 157–190.

The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID complete list of references.

Publication: Womersley, H.B.S. (24 February, 2003)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIID. Ceramiales – Delesseriaceae, Sarcomeniaceae, Rhodomelaceae
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID 2003, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.


Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 2003: FIG. 181.

Figure 181 image

Figure 181   enlarge

Fig. 181. Coeloclonium verticillatum (A–C, F, AD, A68089; D, E, AD, A53374). A. Habit. B. Transverse section of young branch. C. Transverse section of axis. D. Axial filament with laterally elongate pericentral cells. E. Branch with cystocarp. F. Segments with tetrasporangia. [B–F, by R.N. Baldock.]


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