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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Family Rhodomelaceae – Tribe Chondrieae
Selected citations: De Toni 1903: 846. Gordon-Mills & Womersley 1984b: 224, figs 6, 7; 1987: 534, figs 12 1–0, 20A, B, 21. Guiler 1952: 104. Huisman & Walker 1990: 432. Lucas 1909: 40; 1913: 58. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 260. Millar 1990: 461, figs. 71C–G. Millar & Kraft 1993: 51. Reinbold 1898: 49. Silva et al. 1996: 485.
Synonyms
Chondriopsis succulenta J. Agardh 1892: 154. Tisdall 1898: 514. Wilson 1892: 168.
Chondria curdieana sensu Lucas 1913: 57.
Chondria sedifolia sensu Harvey 1855a: 539.
Chondria dasyphylla var. sedifolia Harvey 1863, synop.: xviii. J. Agardh 1863: 810.
Chondria iridescens Lucas 1927: 561, pl. 48.
Thallus (Fig. 197A) red to brown-red, 3–18 (–30) cm high, much branched irregularly radially for 3–4 orders, usually with a main axis, branches terete, lateral branches initially constricted, axillary branching occasional; basal axes 0.6–2.5 mm in diameter, grading to lesser branchlets 500–800 µm in diameter. Holdfast discoid, 1–2 mm across, or attachment by haptera. Structure. Apices rounded or slightly depressed, with a protruding apical filament, pericentral cells relatively large, epidermal cells ovoid to elongate, (15–) 20–25 µm in diameter and L/D 1.5–7 (–12), with slight rhizoid development around the axial and pericentral cells (Fig. 197B) in lower parts of the thallus; secondary cortex absent or slight near the base. Cell wall thickenings absent or present as hemispherical caps (Fig. 197C) on upper ends of pericentral and inner cortical cells, the pericentral cells later also with a central band or girdle. Trichoblasts usually prominent. Cells with discoid to elongate rhodoplasts, chained in larger cells.
Reproduction: Gametophytes dioecious. Procarps on suprabasal cells of trichoblasts, with a 4-celled carpogonial branch and basal and lateral sterile groups. Carposporophytes with a basal fusion cell and branched gonimoblast with clavate terminal carposporangia 35–65 µm in diameter. Cystocarps (Fig. 197D) ovoid to slightly urceolate, 0.7–1 mm in diameter, usually with a distinct basal spur; pericarp broadly ostiolate, 2 cells thick, ecorticate. Spermatangial plates (Fig. 197E, F) discoid to slightly lobed, 400–650 µm across, with a single row of sterile marginal cells.
Tetrasporangia (Fig. 197G) near ends of lesser branchlets, on 2–3 pericentral cells per axial cell, 80–140 µm in diameter.
Type from King George Sound, W. Aust. (Harvey, Alg. Aust. Exsicc. 157B); lectotype in Herb. Agardh, LD, 37802; isotypes LD, 37800, 37801, 37804, AD, A18280 and in other herbaria.
Selected specimens: Point Peron, W. Aust., reef surface (Gordon-Mills, 8.xii.1984; AD, A55703). Crinolin Point, Coffin Bay, S. Aust., uppermost sublittoral (Womersley, 5.xii.1975; AD, A46814-"Marine Algae of southern Australia" No. 423). Moonta Bay, Yorke Pen., S. Aust., lower eulittoral pools (Gordon-Mills, 18.xii.1983; AD, A53795). Muston, American R. inlet, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., 2–3 m deep (Kraft, 2.xii.1971; AD, A41192) and 1–4 m deep (Johnson, 24.i.1978; AD, A49750). ?Sorrento, Port Phillip, Vic., 10 m deep (Womersley, 7.iv.1959; AD, A22870). Towra Point, Botany Bay, N.S.W., on cockles, low eulittoral (Womersley, 20.v.1978; AD, A49352). Port Stephens, N.S.W. (Lucas, March 1913 as Chondria iridescens; AD, A1996).
Distribution: Point Peron, W. Aust., to American R. inlet, Kangaroo I., S. Aust., probably Port Phillip, Vic., possibly N coast of Tasmania, and N.S.W.
Taxonomic notes: Chondria succulenta appears to be largely confined to sheltered inlets where there is strong current flow.
References:
AGARDH, J.G. (1863). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 2, Part 3, pp. 787–1291. (Gleerup: Lund.)
AGARDH, J.G. (1892). Analecta Algologica. Acta Univ. lund. 28, 1–182, Plates 1–3.
DE TONI, G.B. (1903). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 3. pp. 775–1521 + 1523–1525. (Padua.)
FALKENBERG, P. (1901). Die Rhodomelaceen des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeres-abschnitte. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel. Monogr. 26. (Friedländer: Berlin.)
GORDON-MILLS, E.M. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1984b). Cell wall thickenings in the taxonomy of Chondria and Husseyella (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) from southern Australia. Hydrobiologia 116/117, 224–226.
GORDON-MILLS, E.M. & WOMERSLEY, H.B.S. (1987). The genus Chondria C. Agardh (Rhodomelaceae, Rhodophyta) in southern Australia. Aust. J. Bot. 35, 477–565.
GUILER, E.R. (1952). The marine algae of Tasmania. Checklist with localities. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 86, 71–106.
HARVEY, W.H. (1855a). Some account of the marine botany of the colony of Western Australia. Trans. R. Jr. Acad. 22, 525–566.
HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)
HUISMAN, J.M. & WALKER, D.I. (1990). A catalogue of the marine plants of Rottnest Island, Western Australia, with notes on their distribution and biogeography. Kingia 1, 349–459.
LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1909). Revised list of the Fucoideae and Florideae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 34, 9–60.
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1913).—Notes on Australian marine algae. I. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 38, 49–60, Plates 1–5.
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1927). Notes on Australian marine algae. V. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 52, 555–562, Plates 41–48.
MILLAR, A.J.K. & KRAFT, G.T. (1993). Catalogue of marine and freshwater Red Algae (Rhodophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, South-western Pacific. Aust. Syst. Bot. 6, 1–90.
MILLAR, A.J.K. (1990). Marine Red Algae of the Coffs Harbour Region, northern New South Wales. Aust. Syst. Bot. 3, 293–593.
REINBOLD, T. (1898). Die Algen der Lacepede und Guichen Bay (Süd Australien) und deren näherer Umgebung, gesammelt von Dr. A. Engelhart-Kingston. II. Nuova Notarisia 9, 33–54.
SILVA, P.C., BASSON, P.W. & MOE, R.L. (1996). Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean. (Univ. California Press: Berkeley.)
TISDALL, H.T. (1898). The algae of Victoria. Rep. 7th Meet. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., Sydney, 1898, pp. 493–516.
WILSON, J.B. (1892). Catalogue of algae collected at or near Port Phillip Heads and Western Port. Proc. R. Soc. Viet. 4, 157–190.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (24 February, 2003)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIID. Ceramiales – Delesseriaceae, Sarcomeniaceae, Rhodomelaceae
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID 2003, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 2003: FIG. 197.
Figure 197 enlarge
Fig. 197. Chondria succulenta (A, E, F, AD, A46814; B, AD, A41192; C, AD, A49750; D, G, AD, A53795). A. Habit. B. Transverse section of branch. C. Cell wall thickenings in longitudinal view. D. Cystocarps, basal spur on one to lower left. E. Branch with spermatangial plates. F. Spermatangial plate. G. Branches with tetrasporangia.
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