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Electronic Flora of South Australia Species Fact Sheet
Phylum Rhodophyta – Family Rhodomelaceae – Tribe Bostrychieae
Selected citations: J. Agardh 1863: 865; 1897: 80. De Berg 1949: 500, fig. 1. De Toni 1903: 1163. Guiler 1952: 104. Harvey 1859b: 299; 1863: pl. 292, synop.: xix. King & Puttock 1989: 13, figs 2d, 4a, 6, 7a-c. Kützing 1865: 8, pl. 22a-c. Lucas 1909: 47; 1929a: 23. Lucas & Perrin 1947: 307, fig. 146. Millar & Kraft 1993: 50. Silva et al. 1996: 473. Sonder 1880: 34. Tisdall 1898: 514.
Synonyms
Bostrychia australasica Sonder 1855: 527.
Bostrychia scorpioides sensu Davey & Woelkerling 1980: 58. Entwisle & Kraft 1984: 251. May 1965: 377. Prud'homme van Reine & Sluiman 1980: 325, fig. 2.
Bostrychia distans Harvey 1855b: 226. Harvey 1859b: 299.
Thallus (Fig. 157E) matted to erect, often clumped, dark brown-red, 0.5–4 cm high, with branched indeterminate axes 3–8 cm long, bearing determinate laterals 5–10 mm long with 2–3 orders of branches. Attachment by peripherohaptera from indeterminate axes; epilithic or epiphytic, often with fresh water influence. Structure. Apices strongly curved to circinnate (Fig. 157F), apical cells hemispherical to conical, 20–25 µm in diameter. Pericentral cells 6–8 in axes, 4–6 in lesser branches, dividing into 2 tiers and axes becoming corticate (2–3 cells thick) throughout; polysiphonous from close to apices. Indeterminate axes 200–600 µm in diameter, axial cells 200–800 µm long; determinate laterals 2–5 axial cells apart, slightly corticate, 70–110 µm in diameter, ultimate branches many segments long, with straight to curved apices. Swellings (Fig. 157G) due to extra cortical cells occur on the indeterminate axes adjacent to determinate laterals and the peripherohaptera. Cells uninucleate; rhodoplasts discoid.
Reproduction: Gametophytes dioecious. Procarps borne on 2–6 consecutive axial cells of polysiphonous determinate laterals, with 1 (–2) per axial cell; carpogonial branches (2–) 3 cells long, with a pre-fertilization group of 2–3 sterile cells, and a group of 2–3 cells from the adjacent pericentral cell. Carposporophyte with a short, branched, gonimoblast and clavate terminal carposporangia 15–25 (–35) µm in diameter. Cystocarps ovoid to subspherical, 450–600 µm in diameter; pericarp ostiolate, with 12–14 longitudinal filaments and 1–2 orders of cortical cells. Spermatangial organs involving 24–60 axial cells, 150–180 µm in diameter and 1.3–2.8 mm long, with 5 pericentral cells and 1–2 cortical cells plus outer spermatangia.
Stichidia terminating branches of determinate laterals, 100–185 µm in diameter and 8–16 (–20) axial cells and 400–800 µm long, with 5 pericentral cells and tetrasporangia per whorl; tetrasporangia 35–45 µm in diameter, with 3 cover cells which divide.
Type locality: Corral, Chile (Lechler); lectotype in PC.
Selected specimens: Gordon R., 3–4 km up from Macquarie Harbour, Tas. (McLachlan, 19.x.1981; AD, A52697). Dover, Tas., in creek (Cribb 77.12, 23.ix.1950; AD, A16297). Huonville, Tas., on banks of Huon R. (Curtis, 5. iii.1958; AD, A21367).
Distribution: Cool temperate southern hemisphere.
In Australia, from St George R. to Sealers Cove, Vic., and SE Tasmania.
Taxonomic notes: B. harveyi is apparently not a widespread species in southern Australia, occurring mainly under fresh-water influence in central Victoria and SE Tasmania.
Prud'homme van Reine & Sluiman (1980, p. 325, fig. 2) maintained B. harveyi as a synonym of B. scorpioides, but King & Puttock (1889, p. 12, 18) kept the latter separate largely on account of the indeterminate axis swellings at branchings.
References:
AGARDH, J.G. (1863). Species Genera et Ordines Algarum. Vol. 2, Part 3, pp. 787–1291. (Gleerup: Lund.)
AGARDH, J.G. (1897). Analecta Algologica. Cont. IV. Acta Univ. lund. 33, 1–106, Plates 1, 2.
DAVEY, A. & WOELKERLING, W.J. (1980). Studies on Australian mangrove algae. I. Victorian communities: Composition and geographic distribution. Proc. R. Soc. Vict. 91, 53–66.
DE BERG, R.F. (1949). The New Zealand species of Bostrychia related to Bostrychia scorpioides Mont. Farlowia 3, 499–502.
DE TONI, G.B. (1903). Sylloge Algarum omnium hucusque Cognitarum. Vol. 4. Florideae. Sect. 3. pp. 775–1521 + 1523–1525. (Padua.)
ENTWISLE, T.J. & KRAFT, G.T. (1984). Survey of freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) of south-eastern Australia. Aust. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 35, 213–259.
GUILER, E.R. (1952). The marine algae of Tasmania. Checklist with localities. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasmania 86, 71–106.
HARVEY, W.H. (1855b). Algae. In Hooker, J.D., The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage. II. Flora Novae-Zelandiae. Part II, pp. 211–266, Plates 107–121. (Reeve: London.)
HARVEY, W.H. (1859b). Algae. In Hooker, J.D., The Botany of the Antarctic Voyage. III. Flora Tasmaniae. Vol. II, pp. 282–343, Plates 185–196. (Reeve: London.)
HARVEY, W.H. (1863). Phycologia Australica. Vol. 5, Plates 241–300, synop., pp. i-lxxiii. (Reeve: London.)
KÜTZING, F.T. (1865). Tabulae Phycologicae. Vol. 15. (Nordhausen.)
KING, R.J. & PUTTOCK, C.F. (1989). Morphology and taxonomy of Bostrychia and Stictosiphonia (Rhodomelaceae / Rhodophyta). Aust. Syst. Bot. 2, 1–73.
LUCAS, A.H.S. & PERRIN, F. (1947). The Seaweeds of South Australia. Part 2. The Red Seaweeds. (Govt Printer: Adelaide.)
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1909). Revised list of the Fucoideae and Florideae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W. 34, 9–60.
LUCAS, A.H.S. (1929a). The marine algae of Tasmania. Pap. Proc. R. Soc. Tasm. 1928, 6–27.
MAY, V. (1965). A census and key to the species of Rhodophyceae (red algae) recorded from Australia. Contr. N.S. W. Natl Herb. 3, 349–429.
MILLAR, A.J.K. & KRAFT, G.T. (1993). Catalogue of marine and freshwater Red Algae (Rhodophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, South-western Pacific. Aust. Syst. Bot. 6, 1–90.
MONTAGNE, C. (1852). Diagnoses phycologicae ... Ann. Sci. Nat., (Bat.) Sér. 3, 18, 302–319.
SILVA, P.C., BASSON, P.W. & MOE, R.L. (1996). Catalogue of the Benthic Marine Algae of the Indian Ocean. (Univ. California Press: Berkeley.)
SONDER, O.W. (1855). Algae annis 1852 et 1853 collectae. Linnaea 26, 506–528.
SONDER, O.W. (1880). In Mueller, F., Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. Supplementum ad volumen undecinum: Algae Australianae hactenus cognitae, pp. 1–42, 105–107. (Melbourne.)
TISDALL, H.T. (1898). The algae of Victoria. Rep. 7th Meet. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., Sydney, 1898, pp. 493–516.
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID complete list of references.
Publication:
Womersley, H.B.S. (24 February, 2003)
The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia
Rhodophyta. Part IIID. Ceramiales – Delesseriaceae, Sarcomeniaceae, Rhodomelaceae
Reproduced with permission from The Marine Benthic Flora of Southern Australia Part IIID 2003, by H.B.S. Womersley. Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. Copyright Commonwealth of Australia.
Illustration in Womersley Part IIIA, 2003: FIG. 157 E–G.
Figure 157 enlarge
Fig. 157. A–D. Bostrychia tenuissima (A, AD, A54391; B, AD, A61506; C, D, AD, A56448). A. Habit. B. Prostrate axis with peripherohaptera. C. Upper branches with stichidia. D. Stichidia with 4 tetrasporangia per whorl. E–G. Bostrychia harveyi (AD, A21367). E. Habit. F. Upper branches with curved apices. G. Branch with swelling due to extra cortication adjacent to branch.
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