Family: Fabaceae
Acacia
Citation:
P. Miller, Gard. Dict. Abridged ed. 4 (1754).
Derivation: From Greek akakia, the Egyptian thorn (A. arabica) derived from ake or akis, a sharp point or thorn, akazo to sharpen. Synonymy: Not Applicable Common name: Wattles
Description:
Trees or shrubs; leaves bipinnate or reduced to phyllodes, rarely absent; stipules 2, situated at base of phyllodes, caducous or persistent, small, scarious or sometimes spiny. Inflorescences pedunculate, or sessile, globose heads, cylindric spikes or racemes, axillary and solitary or fasciculate or paniculate at the ends of the branches; flowers small, numerous in the heads, regular, normally hermaphrodite, bright golden-yellow to pale creamy white; sepals and petals 4 or 5, free or united; stamens numerous, exserted, free, inserted under or just above base of ovary; style filiform, exceeding the stamens; ovary sessile or stipitate, glabrous or puberulous, ovules numerous; bracteoles subtending each flower small, brownish, spathulate or peltate, claws linear. Fruits legumes, linear to oblong, flat to terete, straight to curved or spirally twisted, chartaceous to woody, usually dehiscent; seeds oblong, almost orbicular or compressed-ovate, longitudinal or transverse in legume with a filiform funicle variously folded or encircling the seed and forming an aril.
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Distribution:
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The largest genus of the Leguminosae, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, most common in Africa and Australia with approximately 900 species. In Australia this genus is widespread and abundant throughout the continent and is dominant especially in the arid and semi-arid regions. Recent estimates put the number of species in Australia at about 660 (S. D. Hopper and B. R. Maslin 1978) with quite a significant number still remaining undescribed. Species distribution The phytogeography (distribution) of Acacia species in Western Australia was presented by Hopper & Maslin (1978). The paper should be referred to for full details which are only partly relevant to South Australia. They demonstrate extreme species richness on the inland eastern margin of the South-West Botanical Province. Minor centres were found in the Pilbara, Desert and Northern Botanical Provinces. Approximately 80% of the 500 species occurring in Western Australia are confined to that area.
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Biology:
No text
Key to Species:
Key to Acacias of South Australia
| 1 |
(1) |
Mature
leaves reduced to phyllodes or not developed at all |
|
| |
(2) |
Leaves
all bipinnate |
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| 2 |
(1) |
Flowers
in more or less globular heads |
|
| |
(2) |
Flowers
in cylindrical spikes |
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| 3 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
either absent (occasional twigs rarely with a few articulate phyllodes),or
continuous with the branches |
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| |
(2)
|
Phyllodes
present and articulate on the branches |
|
| 4 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
normally absent, if present then articulate on branch; flowers 3-8
per head |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
present, continuous with branch; flowers c. 30 per head |
|
| 5 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
flat with 1 major longitudinal vein visible on each face or more or
less terete and 4-veined, or 4-angled |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
flat with 2 or more major longitudinal veins visible on each face
or more or less terete and many-veined |
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| 6 |
(1) |
Flower-heads
(1-several) on simple peduncles in the axils of phyllodes or on inconspicuous
short common peduncles |
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| |
(2) |
Flower-heads
distinctly racemose, the raceme either axillary or terminal |
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| 7 |
(1) |
Flower-heads
(1-several) on simple peduncles in the axils of phyllodes or on inconspicuous
short common peduncles |
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| |
(2) |
Flower-heads
distinctly racemose, the racemes either axillary or terminal |
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| 8 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
innocuous |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
pungent-pointed |
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| 9 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
to 2 cm long |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
2-12 cm long |
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| 10 |
(1) |
Branchlets
spinescent |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
not spinescent |
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| 11 |
(1) |
Branchlets
hairy; phyllodes narrow-cuneate, humped at the summit |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
glabrous; phyllodes broadly lanceolate, never humped |
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| 12 |
(1)
|
Stipules
prominent and spiny |
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| |
(2) |
Stipules
when present minute and not spiny |
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| 13 |
(1) |
Shrubs
prominently resinous; phyllodes viscid |
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| |
(2) |
Shrubs
not or sometimes very slightly resinous; phyllodes not viscid, 5-20
mm long |
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| 14 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
flat, obliquely obovate, 2-5 mm long |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
terete-compressed, 1-2 cm long |
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| 15 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
ovate-oblanceolate to obovate-orbicular |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
linear or oblong |
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| 16 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
grey-green, heads 20-30 flowered |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
mid-green; heads 10-15-flowered; peduncles often longer than phyllodes;
legumes spirally coiled |
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| 17 |
(1) |
Peduncles
mostly longer than phyllodes, heads 8-10 mm diameter |
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| |
(2) |
Peduncles
mostly shorter than phyllodes, heads about 5 mm diameter |
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| 18 |
(1) |
Branchlets
pubescent, almost terete; phyllodes with the vein close to the lower
margin |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
glabrous, angular |
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| 19 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
erect, imbricate; apex almost truncate except for an oblique mucro
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| |
(2)
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Phyllodes
spreading-erect, not imbricate, apex obtuse |
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| 20 |
(1) |
Branchlets
acutely angular, often compressed and winged |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
slightly angular or striate, becoming almost terete, never flattened
or winged |
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| 21 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
with obviously reticulate lateral veins; peduncles stout, solitary;
heads c. 40-flowered; seeds transversely placed in the legume |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
without reticulate lateral veins; peduncles slender, 2-4 (rarely 1)
per axil; heads 12-20-flowered; seeds longitudinally placed in the
legume |
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| 22 |
(1)
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Phyllodes
often glaucous, broadly ovate, 10-35 mm broad, up to twice as long
as broad |
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| |
(2)
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Phyllodes
never glaucous, linear-oblong, oblanceolate, 5-13 mm broad, 5-12 times
longer than broad |
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| 23 |
(1) |
Stipules
frequently prominent, spiny; seeds transversely placed in the legume |
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| |
(2) |
Stipules
when present small, never spiny; seeds longitudinally placed in the
legume |
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| 24 |
(1) |
Branchlets
and phyllodes glabrous to almost so |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
and phyllodes villous with soft spreading hairs |
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| 25 |
(1) |
Branchlets
and phyllodes pubescent or becoming glabrous when mature |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
and phyllodes glabrous(young phyllodes minutely pubescent in A. microcarpa) |
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| 26 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
always hairy, golden pubescent when young, silky-silvery with more
or less appressed hairs when mature, flower-heads mostly shorter than
phyllode, longer if common peduncle well developed |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
silky grey hairy when young, becoming glabrous with age |
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| 27 |
(1)
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Peduncle
mostly shorter than phyllode, heads about 5 mm diameter |
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(2) |
Peduncles
mostly longer than leaf, heads 8-10 mm diameter |
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| 28 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
terete or if flattened then not exceeding 5 mm broad; apex always
uncinate |
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(2) |
Phyllodes
distinctly flattened, 5-15 mm broad; apex sometimes mucronate, never
distinctly uncinate |
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| 29 |
(1) |
Apex
always acute or acuminate |
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(2) |
Apex
always blunt with two glands at summit, phyllodes often slightly up-curved |
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| 30 |
(1) |
Peduncle
in axillary racemes commonly 1-4 mm long with 2-4 peduncles rarely
greater, rarely solitary |
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(2) |
Peduncles
almost always solitary |
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| 31 |
(1) |
Branchlets
and young phyllodes viscid; phyllodes punctate, apex acute, with up
to 4 glands along the upper margin |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
and phyllodes not viscid, or phyllodes not punctate, apex obtuse,
only 1 gland along the upper margin |
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| 32 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
5-12 cm long, apex mostly obtuse, mid-vein prominent and many fine
lateral veins, peduncles < 5 mm |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
to 5 cm long, apex acute or obtuse, mid-vein often obscure, peduncles
> 5 mm |
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| 33 |
(1) |
Phyllode
apex obtuse, phyllodes straight or with slight upward curve, young
tips more or less glabrous |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllode
apex acute, phyllodes slightly recurved, young tips densely pubescent
(later glabrous) |
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| 34 |
(1) |
Stipules
prominent and spiny |
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| |
(2) |
Stipules
when present small and not spiny |
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| 35 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
flat, glabrous, rhomboid-orbicular, 1-2 cm long |
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(2) |
Phyllodes
terete, minutely pubescent, 3-6 cm long |
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| 36 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
humped on the upper margin |
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(2) |
Phyllodes
not humped on the upper margin |
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| 37 |
(1) |
1
prominent vein parallel to and near the lower margin; heads whitish-yellow,
20-30-flowered; legumes straight or curved |
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| |
(2) |
1
prominent oblique vein with 2-4 rather obscure veins arising from
near the base; heads golden-yellow, 8-15-flowered; legumes spirally
coiled |
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| 38 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
flat, obliquely ovate-orbicular or obovate, 5-15 mm broad, up to twice
as long as broad |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
flat or angular, linear-subulate or linear-lanceolate or narrow-elliptic,
1-5 mm broad, more than twice as long as broad |
|
| 39 |
(1) |
Branchlets
resinous; phyllodes viscid (at least when young), 1-2.5 cm long |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
not resinous; phyllodes not viscid, 2-6 cm long |
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| 40 |
(1) |
Heads
c. 20-flowered, creamy-yellow; phyllodes spreading horizontally, broadest
at or near the base, viscid, shining |
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| |
(2) |
Heads
50-60-flowered, mid-yellow; phyllodes erect or spreading, broadest
near the centre, slightly viscid |
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| 41 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
pubescent |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
glabrous (at least with age) |
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| 42 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
usually clustered in groups 2-5, heads c. 50-flowered |
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(2)
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Phyllodes
scattered, not clustered, heads less than c. 20-flowered |
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| 43 |
(1) |
Heads
creamy yellow; phyllodes at right angles to branch, apex tapered |
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| |
(2) |
Heads
golden yellow; phyllodes ascending, apex abruptly pungent |
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| 44 |
(1)
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Unexpanded
racemes at first covered with large imbricate (scale-like) bracts |
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(2) |
Unexpanded
racemes not covered with large imbricate bracts |
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| 45 |
(1) |
Branchlets
angular-striate, soon terete, pruinose; flowers c. 12 per head; legumes
6-12 cm long, 7-10 mm broad |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
acutely angled, triangular appearing flattened, smooth, greenish;
flowers c.6-10 per head; legumes 2-4 mm long, 12-20 mm broad |
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| 46 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
terete-compressed or quadrangular |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
distinctly flattened |
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| 47 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
4-13 cm long |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
more than 13 cm long |
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| 48 |
(1) |
Phyllode
apex acute, pungent-pointed |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllode
apex uncinate or with a short curved mucro, not pungent |
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| 49 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
quadrangular; apex with a swollen gland below a short curved mucro |
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(2) |
Phyllodes
terete-compressed; apex uncinate, without a swollen gland |
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| 50 |
(1) |
Mature
phyllodes always covered with short hairs |
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| |
(2) |
Mature
phyllodes-glabrous |
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| 51 |
(1) |
Hairs
short, appressed, silky; peduncle rarely exceeding phyllodes; phyllodes
< 11 mm wide |
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| |
(2) |
Hairs
dense or scattered, erect; peduncle exceeding phyllodes; phyllodes
> 15 mm wide |
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| 52 |
(1) |
Flowers
30 or fewer in each head |
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| |
(2)
|
Flowers
more than 30 in each head |
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| 53 |
(1) |
Flowers
4-merous, fewer than 6 in each head |
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| |
(2) |
Flowers
5-merous, more than 6 in each head |
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| 54 |
(1) |
Calyx
distinctly lobed (sepals free to the base in A. victoriae) |
|
| |
(2) |
Calyx
almost truncate, indistinctly lobed |
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| 55 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
oblanceolate, narrow-obovate |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
linear, narrow-elliptic to lanceolate (sometimes oblanceolate in A.
jennerae) |
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| 56 |
(1) |
Phyllode
apex uncinate |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllode
apex obtuse or acute never uncinate |
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| 57 |
(1)
|
Branchlets
prominently angular, longitudinally striate; heads 15-20-flowered,
on slender peduncles; funicle encircling the seed |
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| |
(2) |
Branchlets
slightly angular; heads c. 25-flowered, on stout peduncles; funicle
short, not encircling the seed |
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| 58 |
(1) |
Stipules
prominent, spiny; seeds almost globular, transverse in the legume |
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(2) |
Stipules
inconspicuous, never spiny; seed ovoid, longitudinal in the legume |
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| 59 |
(1) |
Branchlets
and phyllodes glabrous or almost so |
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(2)
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Branchlets
and phyllodes villous with soft spreading hairs |
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| 60 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
straight or slightly curved |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
falcate |
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| 61 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
2-5 cm long, 1 gland near the base; flowers 8-15 in each head |
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| |
(2) |
Phyllodes 5-15 cm long, 1-3 glands along the upper margin; flowers
20-30 in each head |
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| 62 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
thick, green and wrinkled when dry, usually mucronate; legumes hard,
woody, constricted between the seeds, easily breaking into 1-seeded
segments |
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(2) |
Phyllodes
greyish, flaccid, not wrinkled when dry, usually pendulous, never
mucronate; legumes woody, hardly constricted, not breaking easily
into 1-seeded segments, often suckering |
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| 63 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
narrow, 1-4 mm wide, apex rounded and more or less symmetrical with
small erect central mucro, legumes 4-5 mm wide, mostly sub coastal
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(2) |
Phyllodes
mostly broader, 4-14 mm wide, apex obliquely mucronate to uncinate,
legumes 5-9 mm wide, very widespread in S.Aust |
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| 64 |
(1)
|
Sepals
free to the base |
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(2) |
Sepals
united for half or more of their length |
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| 65 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
linear-cultrate or narrow-elliptic |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
narrow- to broad-lanceolate or oblanceolate |
|
| 66 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
with 2-4 small glands along the upper margin; peduncles thick, less
than 10 mm long; seeds compressed, longitudinal |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
with a single conspicuous gland at the base; peduncles slender, 10-38
mm long; seeds almost orbicular, transverse or oblique in the legume |
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| 67 |
(1) |
Younger
shoots, petiole, axil and pods white pruinose |
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| |
(2) |
Younger
shoots, petiole and axil not conspicuously white pruinose |
|
| 68 |
(1) |
Branchlets
flattened, acutely angled or ribbed, becoming almost terete when mature |
|
| |
(2) |
Branchlets
slightly angular, soon terete, smooth |
|
| 69 |
(1) |
Branchlets
and inflorescence rhachis prominently flexuose; phyllodes falcate,
spreading or often reflexed |
|
| |
(2) |
Branchlets
and inflorescence rhachis not or only slightly flexuose; phyllodes
straight or slightly curved, spreading not reflexed |
|
| 70 |
(1) |
Flowers
pale-yellow; legumes almost straight-edged; funicle long, encircling
the seed |
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| |
(2)
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Flowers
a bright golden-yellow; legumes slightly constricted between the seeds;
funicle short, never encircling the seed (garden escape) |
|
| 71 |
(1)
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Phyllodes
2-5 mm broad, lateral veins fine, rather obscure or absent |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
more than 5 mm broad, lateral veins numerous, conspicuous |
|
| 72 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
broadest just above the centre but tapering at both ends, a small
gland 15 mm or more from the base; peduncles hoary |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
broadest well above the centre, tapering gradually to the base, a
small gland 5-10 mm from the base; peduncles glabrous |
|
| 73 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
with conspicuous raised anastomosing lateral veins |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
with fine sunken reticulate or anastomosing lateral veins |
|
| 74 |
(1) |
Seeds
transverse in the legume, funicle encircling the seed |
|
| |
(2) |
Seeds
longitudinal in the legume; funicle short or, if long, then encircling
the seed |
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| 75 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
rigid, coriaceous, + straight margin usually prominent apex often
blunt |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
flexible, often falcate, margin not prominent, apex mostly acute,
more or less hooked |
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| 76 |
(1) |
Phyllode
apices obviously acuminate, surfaces often scurfy; legume thick, coriaceous,
10-25 mm long, 10-15 mm broad; seed broadly ovoid |
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(2)
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Phyllode
apices obtuse or acute; legumes firmly chartaceous, 5-12 cm long,
5-7 mm broad, seeds ovoid-oblong |
|
| 77 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
tapering prominently towards the base; funicle short, not encircling
the seed |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
tapering gradually to both ends, narrow-elliptic to oblanceolate;
funicle long, more or less encircling the seed |
|
| 78 |
(1) |
Flower
heads sessile or on very short pubescent peduncles up to 3 mm 1ong;
phyllodes flat, pungent-pointed |
|
| |
(2)
|
Flower
heads distinctly pedunculate, more than 3 mm long |
|
| 79 |
(1) |
Phyllode
apex distinctly pungent-pointed |
|
| |
(2)
|
Phyllode
apex innocuous |
|
| 80 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
broadly triangular, flat, 4-12 mm long, upper margin humped |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
linear, terete-compressed |
|
| 81 |
(1) |
Branches
and phyllodes asperulate |
|
| |
(2) |
Branches
and phyllodes not asperulate |
|
| 82 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
c. 16-veined, veins obscure, fine and close together |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
6-8-veined, veins prominent well spaced |
|
| 83 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
6-veined, small stipular prickles usually present |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
8-veined, stipular prickles absent |
|
| 84 |
(1)
|
Branches
and phyllodes resinous, viscid |
|
| |
(2)
|
Branchlets
and phyllodes not resinous (or only slightly viscid on young branchlets
or immature phyllodes) |
|
| 85 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
more than 2 mm broad, flat, and with 2 (rarely 3) prominent longitudinal
veins |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
less than 2 mm broad, flattened to terete (flattened phyllodes with
3 (rarely 2) prominent longitudinal veins) |
|
| 86 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
with obvious secondary anastomosing veins |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
without secondary veins (or if present then rather obscure never anastomosing) |
|
| 87 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
oblong or narrowly oblong, 1.5-4 cm long, 3-7 mm broad secondary veins
fine, reticulate; legumes densely covered with whitish hairs; seeds
longitudinal in the legume |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
broadly ovate to oblanceolate, 2-7 cm long, 5-15 mm broad, secondary
veins raised and more prominent than above; legumes varnished; seeds
transverse in the legume |
|
| 88 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
4-12 cm long, punctate, linear-lanceolate, apex acute, with 2 parallel
veins only |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
1-2.5 cm long, oblong, cuneate, not punctate, with a short oblique
mucro, 2 prominent veins with 1-3 fainter parallel veins |
|
| 89 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
narrow-linear, flattened, never terete; apex uncinate; flowers 4-merous
|
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
filiform, terete or compressed, apex with a small oblique mucro, or
obtuse with scarcely any point |
|
| 90 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
5-10 cm long |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
1-3.5 cm long |
|
| 91 |
(1) |
Peduncles
golden-pubescent |
|
| |
(2) |
Peduncles
glabrous, viscid |
|
| 92 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
straight or slightly curved, with 5 or 6 longitudinal veins |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
curved and shallowly sigmoid, 2-veined |
|
| 93 |
(1) |
Branchlets
spinescent |
|
| |
(2) |
Branchlets
not spinescent |
|
| 94 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
distinctly flattened, with 2-7 more or less prominent veins pre-sent
on each face separated by distinct interstices |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
flat, terete or subterete, with numerous fine, closely placed veins
often only visible under a lens |
|
| 95 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
with 2 prominent veins, more or less elliptic, 4-12 mm long |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
with 3-7 more or less prominent veins, linear-lanceolate, oblanceolate
or narrowly obovate, 1-10 cm long |
|
| 96 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
often more than 4 mm wide, hoary, often sub-falcate |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
rarely 4 mm wide, green |
|
| 97 |
(1)
|
Pod
more or less straight, 8-12 mm wide, seeds longitudinal |
|
| |
(2) |
Pod
twisted and coiled, 12-25 .mm wide, seeds transverse |
|
| 98 |
(1) |
Trees;
phyllodes more or less flaccid, linear, lanceolate, always with 3
prominent longitudinal veins on each face and a number of rather obscure
well spaced reticulate lateral veins between them |
|
| |
(2)
|
Shrubs;
phyllodes thick, hard or more or less fleshy, oblanceolate, narrowly
obovate or linear-cuneate, with 3-7 longitudinal veins, on each face,
no reticulate lateral veins |
|
| 99 |
(1) |
Branchlets
and peduncles glabrous or slightly hairy |
|
| |
(2) |
Branchlets
and peduncles hoary |
|
| 100 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
1-3.5 cm long, glabrous |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
more than 3.5 cm long, pubescent to some degree |
|
| 101 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
fleshy, grooved and wrinkled when dry |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
not fleshy, smooth or only lightly grooved when dry |
|
| 102 |
(1) |
Resin
hairs sparse to abundant on young growth, phyllode apex mostly blunt,
peduncles 2-4 mm |
|
| |
(2) |
Resin
hairs lacking, branchlets and peduncles glabrous, phyllodes usually
with short, acute, oblique apex, peduncles 6-11 mm |
|
| 103 |
(1) |
Phyllode
apex obtuse or with a short rather hard but innocuous point, scarcely
tapering-towards the base |
|
| |
(2)
|
Phyllode
apex attenuate, delicately curved, not pungent except in A. sp. aff.
papyrocarpa, more or less coarsely pungent |
|
| 104 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
brittle, snapping easily; veins all fine, obscure; branches smooth,
almost terete |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
tough, not snapping easily; veins yellowish, some more prominent than
others; branches slightly angular, with yellowish ribs |
|
| 105 |
(1)
|
Legumes
scarcely constricted between the seeds, reticulate, 5-8 mm broad |
|
| |
(2) |
Legumes
moniliform, not reticulate, c. 4 mm broad |
|
| 106 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
terete or quadrangular |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
distinctly flattened |
|
| 107 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
terete with 7 or 8 fine longitudinal veins, apex coarsely pungent |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
quadrangular with a prominent vein at each angle, apex thickened glandular
|
|
| 108 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
prominently 3-5-veined on each face with fine reticulate lateral veins
between them |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
with numerous closely approximating very fine longitudinal veins (1-3
sometimes more prominent than the rest) |
|
| 109 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
elliptic, lanceolate, 7-30 mm broad (usually more than 12 mm broad),
with many obvious reticulate lateral veins |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
narrowly obovate, oblong or lanceolate, up to 12 mm broad, with a
few rather obscure lateral veins |
|
| 110 |
(1) |
Branchlets
and peduncles hoary; phyllodes 4-6 mm broad; funicle short, folded
under the seed, not encircling the seed |
|
| |
(2) |
Branchlets
and peduncles glabrous; phyllodes 6-12 mm broad; funicle a bright
yellowish-orange, encircling the seed in a double fold |
|
| 111 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
hoary or densely covered with fine appressed silvery hairs |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
glabrous or sparsely pubescent (often scurfy in A. cambagei) |
|
| 112 |
(1) |
Mature
phyllodes less than 15 cm long; heads 30-40-flowered; sepals free;
legumes to 12 cm long, straight or curved |
|
| |
(2) |
Mature
phyllodes usually more than 15 cm long; heads less than 30-flowered;
sepals united; legumes 15 cm or more long, twisted |
|
| 113 |
(1) |
Mature
phyllodes less than 15 cm long, lanceolate; veins numerous, fine,
closely placed, 1-3 more prominent than the rest |
|
| |
(2) |
Mature
phyllodes more than 15 cm long, linear; veins numerous, prominent,
with interstices |
|
| 114 |
(1) |
Pods
more or less straight. 8-12 mm wide; seeds longitudinal |
|
| |
(2)
|
Pods
twisted and coiled, 12-25 mm wide; seeds transverse |
|
| 115 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
pungent-pointed |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
not pungent-pointed |
|
| 116 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
mostly whorled, 1-veined |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
never whorled, scattered, more than l-veined |
|
| 117 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
terete, 8-20 cm long; veins fine and numerous |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
flattened, 1-4 cm long, veins 3 or 4 and prominent |
|
| 118 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
1-2.5 cm long, c. 2 mm broad, with 3 prominent veins, flower spikes
sub-sessile; flowers loosely arranged |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
2-4 cm long, 2-5 mm broad, with 3 or 4 prominent veins; flower spikes
distinctly pedunculate; flowers dense |
|
| 119 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
distinctly flattened |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
terete or sub-terete |
|
| 120 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
more or less flaccid; seeds longitudinally placed in the legume |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
thickened, coriaceous, rigid |
|
| 121 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
8-33 mm broad |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
less than 8 mm broad, lacking intervening reticulate veins |
|
| 122 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
falcate, silvery, with 3 principal lateral veins |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
more or less straight, green, with five less prominent lateral veins |
|
| 123 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
linear-lanceolate or narrow-elliptic, 6-15 cm long, 8-15 mm broad,
usually more than 10 cm long |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
obovate-oblong, 5-9 cm long, 12-35 mm broad, thicker and much more
obtuse than the preceding variety |
|
| 124 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
3-7 mm broad, with many rather obscure, closely approximating, longitudinal
veins; receptacles golden-pubescent |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
1-3 mm broad, usually with 3 prominent and distant veins (some-times
to 5 on broad phyllodes); receptacles glabrous |
|
| 125 |
(1) |
Bark
red, shedding in narrow curly strips, seeds longitudinal in legumes |
|
| |
(2) |
Bark
grey, not shedding as above, seeds transverse or oblique |
|
| 126 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
2-4 (-5) mm wide, linear to very narrow elliptic |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
4-20 mm wide, oblong to elliptic to falcate |
|
| 127 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
narrow oblanceolate to oblong, often curved, apex more or less symmetrical,
yellow-green |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
terete to narrow linear, apex often slightly hooked, grey-green |
|
| 128 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
mostly 1-2.5 cm long, most plants with dense opaque resin |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
mostly longer, some with resinous margins |
|
| 129 |
(1) |
Phyllode
margins thick, crenulate, resinous young phyllodes silvery pubescent
|
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllode
margins not as above |
|
| 130 |
(1) |
Phyllodes
oblong-lanceolate, glabrous |
|
| |
(2)
|
Phyllodes
elliptic-falcate, densely simply hairy |
|
| 131 |
(1)
|
Phyllodes
ciliolate along the margins on the upper half to the finely non-pungent
tip; spikes sessile; flowers 4-merous |
|
| |
(2) |
Phyllodes
not ciliolate along margins, apex with short callous point or mucro,
spikes pedunculate; flowers 5-merous |
|
| 132 |
(1) |
Branches
angular, with resinous ridges; phyllodes filiform, 6-veined, deeply
grooved, resinous, with several glands along their length, spikes
short cylindrical or almost globular 1 cm or less long |
|
| |
(2) |
Branches
more or less terete, with or without resin, phyllodes narrow linear
1-3 mm wide, finely striate with numerous veins; spikes 1-2 cm long,
usually clearly pedunculate |
|
| 133 |
(1) |
Legume
woody, cylindrical, hoary, marked with brown resinous parallel veins,
7-10 cm long |
|
| |
(2) |
Legume
not as above. |
|
| 134 |
(1)
|
Legume
linear 5-6 cm long 2-2.5 mm wide, curved and twisted at maturity,
flower spike rarely greater than 1 cm long |
|
| |
(2)
|
Legume
oblong or obliquely oblong, 1-7 cm long 0.4-1.5 cm wide, flat or turgid,
flower spikes mostly greater than 1 cm long |
|
| 135 |
(1) |
Legumes
flat, narrowly winged, seeds transverse to oblique |
|
| |
(2) |
Legumes
flattish but turgid and biconvex, not winged, seeds longitudinal |
|
| 136 |
(1) |
Inflorescence
simple, solitary or 2-5 together |
|
| |
(2) |
Inflorescence
racemose or paniculate |
|
| 137 |
(1) |
Axillary
spines absent |
|
| |
(2)
|
Axillary
spines present |
|
| 138 |
(1) |
Flowering
peduncle with bract at midpoint; pod deeply constricted, hoary pubescent
|
|
| |
(2) |
Flowering
peduncle without bract; pod scarcely constricted, glabrous |
|
| 139 |
(1)
|
Pinnules
10-21 pairs; pods swollen, turgid |
|
| |
(2) |
Pinnules
1-5 pairs; pods flat |
|
| 140 |
(1) |
Pinnules
1-2 pairs; flowering peduncle without bracts at midpoint; pod to 5
cm, glabrous |
|
| |
(2)
|
Pinnules
1-5 pairs; flowering peduncle with bract about midpoint; pod 6-20
cm long, constricted between seeds, hoary tomentose |
|
| 141 |
(1) |
Branchlets
prominently angled with wing-like ridges almost glabrous; foliage
dark-green; pinnules well separated |
|
| |
(2)
|
Branchlets
angled or striate but not winged, more or less densely pubescent,
pruinose, foliage greyish-green, glaucous, bluish or silvery; pinnules
crowded |
|
| 142 |
(1)
|
Leaves
with 2-6 pinna pairs, bluish-glaucous |
|
| |
(2) |
Leaves
with 10-26 pinna pairs, greyish-green, glaucous or silvery |
|
| 143 |
(1) |
Leaf
rhachis with a gland at the junction of each pinna pair and with additional
glands between the pinna pairs |
|
| |
(2) |
Leaf
rhachis with a gland at the junction of each pinna pair, no additional
glands between |
|
Author:
Not yet available
Source:
|
